Further reading

Bolker, B. M., S. W. Pacala, F. A. Bazzaz, C. D. Canham, and S. A. Levin. 1995. Species diversity and ecosystem response to carbon dioxide fertilization: conclusions from a temperate forest model. Global Change Biology 1:373-381.

Canham, C. D., M. J. Papaik, and E. J. Latty. 2001. Interspecific variation in susceptibility to windthrow as a function of tree size and storm severity for northern hardwood tree species. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 31[1]: 1-10.

Canham, C. D., A. C. Finzi, S. W. Pacala, and D. H. Burbank. 1994. Causes and consequences of resource heterogeneity in forests: Interspecific variation in light transmission by canopy trees. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 24:337-349.

Canham, C. D. and S. W. Pacala. 1994. Linking tree population dynamics and forest ecosystem processes. pp. 84-93 in C.G. Jones and J.H. Lawton (eds.). Linking Species and Ecosystems. Chapman and Hall, New York.

Frelich, Lee E. and Craig G. Lorimer. 1991. A Simulation of Landscape-Level stand dynamics in the northern hardwood region, Journal of Ecology, 79:223-233.

Hilborn, Ray and Marc Mangel. 1997. The Ecological Detective: Confronting Models with Data. Princeton University Press.

Iqbal, Muhammed. 1983. An Introduction to Solar Radiation. Academic Press, Toronto.

Jenkins, J.C., D.C. Chojnacky, L.S Heath, and R.A. Birdsey. 2004. Comprehensive Database of Diameter-based Biomass Regressions for North American Tree Species. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service General Technical Report NE-319. http://www.fs.fed.us/ne

Kobe, R. K., S. W. Pacala, J. A. Silander, Jr. and C. D. Canham. 1995. Juvenile tree survivorship as a component of shade tolerance. Ecological Applications 5:517-532.

Kobe, R. K., and K. D. Coates. 1997. Models of sapling mortality as a function of growth to characterize interspecific variation in shade tolerance of eight tree species of northwestern British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 27:227-236.

Messavage, C., and J.W. Girard. 1956. Tables for estimating board-foot volume of timber. USDA Forest Service

Pacala, S. W., C. D. Canham, and J. A. Silander, Jr. 1993. Forest models defined by field measurements: I. The design of a northeastern forest simulator. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 23:1980-1988.

Pacala, S. W., C. D. Canham, J. A. Silander, Jr. and R. K. Kobe. 1994. Sapling growth as a function of resources in a north temperate forest. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 24:2172-2183.

Pacala, S. W., C. D. Canham, J. Saponara, J. A. Silander, Jr., R. K. Kobe, and E. Ribbens. 1996. Forest models defined by field measurements: II. Estimation, error analysis and dynamics. Ecological Monographs, 66:1-43.

Papaik, M. J. 1998. Effects of windstorm in northern temperate forests. Master's Thesis, Bard College. 1998.

Ribbens, E., Pacala, S. W. and Silander, J. A. 1994. Recruitment in forests: calibrating models to predict patterns of seedling dispersal. Ecology 75:1794-1806.

Scott, C.T. 1979. Northeastern forest survey revised cubic-foot volume equations. Northeastern Forest Experiment Station Research Note NE-304.

Wright, E. F., C. D. Canham, and K. D. Coates 2000. Effects of suppression and release on sapling growth for eleven tree species of Northern, interior British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Forest Research.


Last updated: 23-Mar-2005 02:14 PM